2023年9月(yue)1日，十(shi)四届全国人(ren)大(da)常委会(hui)第五次会(hui)议表决通过(guo)新修订的《中华(hua)人(ren)民共和国行(xing)政(zheng)复议法》（以下简称《行(xing)政(zheng)复议法》），共七章九十(shi)条，自2024年1月1日起施行(xing)。新(xin)修订的《行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)复议法(fa)》积(ji)极回应社(she)会(hui)(hui)关切(qie)，将(jiang)更(geng)好发挥(hui)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)复议公(gong)正高效、便(bian)民为民的制度优势和化解(jie)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)争议的主渠道作用，有利于保(bao)护(hu)人民群众(zhong)合法(fa)权益(yi)、推进(jin)法(fa)治政(zheng)(zheng)府AG百家、促进(jin)社(she)会(hui)(hui)公(gong)平正义。

01修订特(te)点

一(yi)是坚持党的领(ling)导(dao)。在总(zong)则中增(zeng)加规(gui)定“行政(zheng)复议工作坚持(chi)中国共产党的领导(dao)”，强调党(dang)(dang)的(de)领(ling)导地位，将(jiang)党(dang)(dang)中央关于行政复议(yi)体(ti)制改革的(de)各项要求(qiu)全面、完整(zheng)、准(zhun)确(que)体(ti)现到法律规(gui)定中。

二是坚(jian)持(chi)问题导向。着力提(ti)升(sheng)行(xing)(xing)政复议公正性和公信力，针对制约行(xing)(xing)政复议发展的主要矛盾，实施“靶(ba)向治理”。整合(he)地(di)方行政复议职责，落(luo)实管辖体制改革要求；引(yin)入(ru)外部(bu)监督机制，增设行政复议委员会制度；加强听(ting)证(zheng)(zheng)、听(ting)取(qu)意见、证(zheng)(zheng)据收集等(deng)要求，力促案件公正(zheng)审理。

三是坚持守正创新。立足(zu)行政复(fu)议内部监督特点，坚持免费(fei)受理、高效(xiao)办理、深度审理，做到“不忘本来”。抓住实质(zhi)性化解(jie)行政争议这(zhei)个目标导(dao)向(xiang)，在强化调解(jie)适(shi)用(yong)、完(wan)善复(fu)议范围、规(gui)范提级审理、优化决定体(ti)系(xi)等方面(mian)，作出了若(ruo)干(gan)制(zhi)度创新，做到“面向未来(lai)”。

02主要修订内(nei)容

一是明确行(xing)政复(fu)议有(you)关原则和要求。新《行政复(fu)议(yi)法(fa)》明(ming)确(que)行政复(fu)议(yi)机关应当(dang)遵循(xun)合法(fa)、公正、公开、高效、便民、为民的原则，办理(li)行政复(fu)议(yi)案(an)件可以进行调(diao)解(jie)。提出国家(jia)建立专业化(hua)、职(zhi)(zhi)业化(hua)行政复(fu)议(yi)人(ren)员队伍(wu)，要求(qiu)行政复(fu)议(yi)机关支持和保障(zhang)行政复(fu)议(yi)机构履行职(zhi)(zhi)责，对行政复(fu)议(yi)指导性案(an)例发布、人(ren)员和场所(suo)保障(zhang)等作出规定。

二(er)是(shi)优化行政复议管辖体制。新《行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)法(fa)》着力构建统(tong)一(yi)、科学的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)管(guan)(guan)辖体制。一(yi)是明确县级(ji)以上地(di)方(fang)各级(ji)人(ren)民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府统(tong)一(yi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)职(zhi)责，取消地(di)方(fang)各级(ji)人(ren)民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)部(bu)门(men)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)职(zhi)责。二是规定(ding)海(hai)关、金融、外(wai)汇管(guan)(guan)理等实行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)垂(chui)直领导的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)机(ji)关、税(shui)务和国(guo)家安全机(ji)关，保留行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)职(zhi)责。三是规定(ding)国(guo)务院部(bu)门(men)管(guan)(guan)辖本部(bu)门(men)及其派出(chu)机(ji)构、授权组织作(zuo)(zuo)为(wei)被申请人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)案(an)件。四是对(dui)(dui)直辖市(shi)、设(she)区(qu)的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)人(ren)民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)部(bu)门(men)依(yi)法(fa)设(she)立的(de)(de)(de)派出(chu)机(ji)构作(zuo)(zuo)为(wei)被申请人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)案(an)件，作(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)相(xiang)对(dui)(dui)灵(ling)活的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)辖制度安排。五是规定(ding)对(dui)(dui)履行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)机(ji)构职(zhi)责的(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)人(ren)民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府司法(fa)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)门(men)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)为(wei)不服的(de)(de)(de)，申请人(ren)可(ke)(ke)以向本级(ji)人(ren)民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府申请行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)，也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以向上一(yi)级(ji)司法(fa)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)门(men)申请行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)。

三是加强(qiang)行(xing)政(zheng)复议(yi)(yi)吸纳行(xing)政(zheng)争议(yi)(yi)的能力。新《行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)法(fa)》扩大行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)范围(wei)：一是对(dui)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)机(ji)关(guan)作出的(de)赔偿决定(ding)或者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)予赔偿决定(ding)不(bu)(bu)服；二是对(dui)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)机(ji)关(guan)作出的(de)不(bu)(bu)予受理工(gong)伤认定(ding)申(shen)请决定(ding)或者(zhe)(zhe)工(gong)伤认定(ding)结论不(bu)(bu)服；三是认为行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)机(ji)关(guan)不(bu)(bu)依法(fa)订立(li)、不(bu)(bu)依法(fa)履(lv)行(xing)(xing)、未按照约定(ding)履(lv)行(xing)(xing)或者(zhe)(zhe)违法(fa)变更、解除政(zheng)府(fu)特许经营协(xie)议(yi)、土地房(fang)屋(wu)征(zheng)收补偿协(xie)议(yi)等行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)协(xie)议(yi)；四是认为行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)机(ji)关(guan)在(zai)政(zheng)府(fu)信息(xi)公开工(gong)作中(zhong)侵犯其(qi)合法(fa)权益(yi)。

优化行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复议(yi)前(qian)置(zhi)(zhi)范(fan)围：一(yi)是将对当场(chang)作出的行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)处罚决定(ding)不(bu)服、认为行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)机(ji)关(guan)未依法履行(xing)法定(ding)职责、申请(qing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府信息公开但行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)机(ji)关(guan)不(bu)予公开的情(qing)形纳(na)入行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复议(yi)前(qian)置(zhi)(zhi)范(fan)围；二是将行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复议(yi)前(qian)置(zhi)(zhi)其他情(qing)形的设定(ding)权限由“法律、法规”修改为“法律、行政法规”；三是规定对行(xing)(xing)(xing)政复议前置情(qing)形，行(xing)(xing)(xing)政机关(guan)在(zai)作出行(xing)(xing)(xing)政行(xing)(xing)(xing)为时应当告知公(gong)民、法人或者其(qi)他组(zu)织先向行(xing)(xing)(xing)政复议机关(guan)申请行(xing)(xing)(xing)政复议。

四是完(wan)善行(xing)政复议审理程序。新《行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)法》着力完善行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)审理程序(xu)(xu)：一是规定上级(ji)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)机(ji)关根据需要(yao)，可以(yi)审理下级(ji)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)机(ji)关管辖(xia)的(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)案件(jian)。二是规定行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)中(zhong)止、终止程序(xu)(xu)，对(dui)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)期(qi)间停止执行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)情形作出规定。三是完善行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)证据规定，对(dui)申(shen)(shen)请(qing)人、被申(shen)(shen)请(qing)人的(de)举证责任，以(yi)及行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)机(ji)关的(de)调查(cha)取证予以(yi)明确。四是增加(jia)了简(jian)易(yi)程序(xu)(xu)，促进(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)案件(jian)的(de)“繁简(jian)分流”，提出适用普通(tong)程序审理(li)案件的要(yao)求(qiu)：一(yi)是(shi)规(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)除(chu)当(dang)事(shi)人(ren)原因(yin)不能听(ting)取(qu)意见(jian)外，行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)(yi)机构(gou)应(ying)当(dang)通(tong)过多(duo)种方式听(ting)取(qu)当(dang)事(shi)人(ren)意见(jian)。二是(shi)规(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)审理(li)重大(da)、疑难、复(fu)杂案件，行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)(yi)机构(gou)应(ying)当(dang)组织听(ting)证。三是(shi)规(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)县级(ji)以上各级(ji)人(ren)民政(zheng)府应(ying)当(dang)建立(li)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)(yi)委员会(hui)，为办理(li)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)(yi)案件提供咨询意见(jian)，就(jiu)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)(yi)工作中(zhong)的重大(da)事(shi)项(xiang)和共性问(wen)题研究提出意见(jian)。行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)(yi)委员会(hui)的咨询意见(jian)是(shi)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)复(fu)议(yi)(yi)决定(ding)(ding)的重要(yao)参考(kao)依据。

五是强化行政复议决定及其监督体系。新(xin)《行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)法(fa)》进一(yi)步优化了行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)体系(xi)：一(yi)是(shi)重新(xin)调整行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)顺序，将变更(geng)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)、撤(che)销(xiao)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)和确认违法(fa)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)予以(yi)细化，并放在突出位置。二是(shi)强(qiang)化变更(geng)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)运用，增加(jia)变更(geng)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)适用情形(xing)。三(san)(san)是(shi)对行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)协议(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)类(lei)型作特(te)殊规定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。四是(shi)对调解(jie)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)制作和生效、行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)和解(jie)等(deng)作出规定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。五是(shi)规定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)机(ji)关(guan)在办理行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)案件中，发(fa)现被申(shen)(shen)(shen)请人(ren)或者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)其(qi)他下级行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)机(ji)关(guan)的(de)(de)有关(guan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)为违法(fa)或者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不当的(de)(de)，可以(yi)制发(fa)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)意(yi)见书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。另一(yi)方面，强(qiang)化行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)执行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)监(jian)督力(li)度：一(yi)是(shi)规定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)被申(shen)(shen)(shen)请人(ren)不履(lv)(lv)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)或者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)无正当理由(you)拖延(yan)履(lv)(lv)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、调解(jie)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、意(yi)见书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)机(ji)关(guan)或者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)有关(guan)上级行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)机(ji)关(guan)应当责(ze)令其(qi)限期履(lv)(lv)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，并可以(yi)约(yue)谈(tan)被申(shen)(shen)(shen)请人(ren)的(de)(de)有关(guan)负(fu)责(ze)人(ren)或者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)予以(yi)通报批评(ping)。二是(shi)规定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)申(shen)(shen)(shen)请人(ren)、第三(san)(san)人(ren)逾期不起诉又不履(lv)(lv)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、调解(jie)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，或者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不履(lv)(lv)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)最(zui)终裁决(jue)(jue)的(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)，根据(ju)不同的(de)(de)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)类(lei)型，分别由(you)有关(guan)机(ji)关(guan)强(qiang)制执行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。三(san)(san)是(shi)针(zhen)对被申(shen)(shen)(shen)请人(ren)不履(lv)(lv)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)或者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)无正当理由(you)拖延(yan)履(lv)(lv)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)复(fu)(fu)议(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、调解(jie)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、意(yi)见书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)为，规定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)相应法(fa)律责(ze)任。